![]() ![]() ![]() Models of second language (L2) speech perception have typically focused on the effect of the first language (L1) at the level of phonetic or phonological categories (e.g., Flege, 1995 Best and Tyler, 2007), with the implicit assumption in the field being that the accuracy of category perception directly translates to the accuracy of these sounds in the lexicon, that is, of lexical representations. ![]() ![]() Overall, this study suggests that vocabulary size in the second language is the most important factor in the accuracy of lexical representations. This is likely because the acquisition of more phonologically similar words forces learners’ phonological systems to create more detailed representations in order for such words to be differentiated. Second language vocabulary size predicted lexical encoding across three of the four contrasts, such that a larger vocabulary predicted greater accuracy. This suggests that when representations contain sounds that are differentiated along a dimension not used in the native language, learners with higher phonological short-term memory have an advantage because they are better able to hold the relevant phonetic details in memory long enough to be transferred to long-term representations. Phonological short-term memory was a significant factor, but only for the /r-ɾ/ contrast. Results revealed that differences in perception performance, inhibitory control, and attention control were not related to differences in lexical encoding accuracy. Perception ability was measured with an oddity task, phonological short-term memory with a serial non-word recognition task, attention control with a flanker task, inhibitory control with a retrieval-induced inhibition task, and vocabulary size with the X_Lex vocabulary test. English-speaking learners of Spanish were tested on their lexical encoding of the Spanish /ɾ-r/, /ɾ-d/, /r-d/, and /f-p/ contrasts through a lexical decision task. This study investigates the relationship between the accuracy of second language lexical representations and perception, phonological short-term memory, inhibitory control, attention control, and second language vocabulary size. on your Pocket PC and memorize new foreign words on the move quickly and effortlessly! And the. you have the desire to learn 7000 foreign words in a short time and with the least. LingvoSoft FlashCards English Hungarian for Pocket PC 1.3.14 download LingvoSoft FlashCards English Indonesian for Windows word to help - The Latest User Reviews We do not host any torrent files or links of LingvoSoft FlashCards English Indonesian for Windows on, , etc.Īll LingvoSoft FlashCards English Indonesian for Windows download links are direct LingvoSoft FlashCards English Indonesian for Windows full download from publisher site or their selected mirrors.Īvoid: word to help oem software, old version, warez, serial, torrent, LingvoSoft FlashCards English Indonesian for Windows keygen, crack.Ĭonsider: LingvoSoft FlashCards English Indonesian for Windows full version, word to help full download, premium download, licensed copy. Key generators is illegal and your business could subject you to lawsuits and leave your operating systems without patches. Using LingvoSoft FlashCards English Indonesian for Windows Free Download crack, warez, password, serial numbers, torrent, keygen, registration codes, LingvoSoft FlashCards English Indonesian for Windows word to help - Download Notice Top Software Keywords Show more Show less ![]()
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